Monofilament sutures can be either absorbable or non-absorbable. The former is absorbed by the body over time, while the latter remains in the tissue. Unlike braided multifilament sutures, absorbable monofilament sutures have longer absorption times. The monofilament materials used are either synthetic or animal-based. The synthetic sutures are composed of glycolide or co-caprolactone. The animal-based ones use purified sheep small intestine submucosal fibrosis tissue. Some of the monofilament sutures contain a broad spectrum antibacterial agent, such as chlorhexidine diacetate, with a maximum concentration of 60mg/m2.
Monofilament fibers are manufactured using a process known as extrusion. A polymer mixture is melted, then extruded through small holes. The polymer strands are then spun into spools of varying thicknesses. The strength-to-weight ratio of monofilament fibers allows for minimally invasive medical devices.
Once the monofilament is produced, it must be cooled. Large diameter filaments are quenched in a water bath, while small diameter ones are quenched in air chambers. The diameter of the monofilament determines the speed of the extrusion process, with larger diameter monofilament yielding a lower spinning speed.
The monofilament thread can be used for a wide variety of sewing projects. It is especially useful for free-motion stitching and stitch-in-the-ditch quilting. When used properly, monofilament thread blends in with the fabric and shows up as stitched texture. It is also great for invisible applique.
When choosing monofilament, make sure you choose the most durable line available. A top quality line will last you a long time and is not susceptible to damage from abrasive materials. Monofilament is relatively inexpensive and easy to manage. It is also available in braided versions.
Another important aspect of monofilament wigs is their flexibility. They are more flexible than standard wigs because the individual hairs can be manipulated to give them a unique look. For example, the monofilament crown is not as dense as the rest of the hair, so you can easily change the part to suit your taste.
In order to spin monofilament fiber, the polymer must be heated at high pressures. In addition to the temperature of the polymer, the pressure of the extruder also needs to be consistent. The extruder can reach 7000 kPa, which is around 1,000 psi. The pressure at the exit of the extruder is controlled by a pressure transducer. The high pressure causes high shearing of polymer through the spinneret.
